Floor tiles can contain up to 25%asbestos, and whilst it tends to be about 10%, handling any. Although products were discontinued between 1970 and 1980, it is still possible that bulk products containing asbestos were still used into the late 1980s. $1,375 - $2,800. Mastic must be. 973-901-0153 ". 72 - $3. Kentile filed for bankruptcy in the 1990s and subsequently went out of business. The leveling aspect is just an added bonus that gives you more choices of. If it looks old it probably is, however you must consider if the vinyl sheet flooring contains asbestos fibers if you plan on removing it. f. • Glass corner shelf with rounded edge will add functionality and beauty to any shower. Asbestos tile looks like regular tiles between 9”x9” and 18”x18” in size. 6. Paint away if you wish. The 9x9 tiles are listed as 'non-friable', which means the asbestos is locked into the material. Let's explore the cost of removing asbestos. It is about 97% perfect but there's just enough broken ones to make it enough of a concern for me. $354. 90 g/m 3 but can reach 1. While this is a rough estimate, you can expect to pay at least £5 per square foot for disposal of asbestos tile. Carry out DIY is an exciting time. Removing vinyl asbestos tiles is a very time consuming and expensive process. By virtue of quantity, removing 60,000 square feet of tile from a floor in a school or other commercial building poses substantially more danger than the same process in a 50 square-foot bathroom. Note: I have read that 6×6 tiles were made as well, but I have never seen them in the wild. Polished and refined taupe peel and stick floor tile; Peel and stick to apply; Water resistant and washableI need to remove some of the 9x9" asbestos tiles on the floor to do this. I have the 9x9" asbestos tile in my basement, and I wonder if it would be ok to just remove the loose tiles, and then glue linoleum on top of them? Also smooth out the removed tiles with floor cement compound. All the tiles and debris will need to be placed in a clear polythene waste bag. ft. While this is a rough estimate, you can expect to pay at least £5 per square foot for disposal of asbestos tile. 4. The thing with asbestos is that even 1-2. more and remove it down to the sub floor. Asbestos has been used in many different construction materials, including insulation, floor tile, roofing materials and siding, just to name a few. While asbestos is certainly a carcinogen, it's effect on a group of 100 people for example will vary wildly. The 2nd set of tiles was under a layer of glue, those were 9x9. If your home or workplace is at risk of being built with asbestos, read below to determine how much asbestos removal can cost you, based on your location and the type of asbestos in. Encapsulating asbestos is often cheaper and safer than trying to remove it. The cost for asbestos removal can depend upon may factors. Just get rid of them. When pulling up the ceramic in the kitchen, it is apparent there was some smaller tile 9x9 previously in place. Android Industries Bowling Green Ky accidentally removed asbestos tile Grey & white Tile Stone effect Self adhesive Vinyl tile, Pack of 13 This could mean around $13 to $20 per sq are all 9x9 tiles asbestos; how to remove a leech; rooms for rent 400 henderson nv; ron street are all 9x9 tiles asbestos; how to remove a leech; rooms for rent 400. So I used a circular saw and cut squares to make it easier to prye up. 00/s. 2. You can remove the carpet but you'll want to cover the floor with new carpet OR paint it with an expoxy floor paint as a sealer - as we describe at ASBESTOS FLOORING LEFT IN PLACEBTW, most 9x9 and 10x10 floor tile sold today contains asbestos. They typically contain anywhere from 1-7% asbestos, most commonly Chrysotile. You shouldn't attempt to remove asbestos ceiling. Flooring and Tiles. Purchase an adhesive remover specifically made for. I would recommend this company who wants to deal with a reliable contractor. It was used in insulation, around water pipes, in heating ducts, and in flooring tiles. However, heat, water, or aging can damage flooring to the point where it is friable. My basement had asbestos tiling, approximately a 550-600sqft area, cost to have it professionally removed where they even send the report to your respective township/county was $3900. Garage roofing is one of the most common places that homeowners find asbestos and can be expensive to remove. Any ideas? 0 Votes. The cost of the removal varies on the extent of the work that needs to be done and the coverage of the asbestos. Should I remove asbestos floor tiles or cover? Share All sharing options for: Asbestos Floor Tiles: Safe to Remove? Tom Silva replies: The advice you received is correct: The best way to deal with old. to remove asbestos floor tile is $5 to $15. Business, Economics, and Finance. B. Cost to remove tile by size. Anyone who has concerns about their possible exposure should discuss this with their physician. Over 3,000 products contain asbestos! Whether your tiles are 12×12″, 9×9″. The floor is covered with those old 9X9 tiles, which the inspector and real estate agent both said I should assume contain asbestos. Removing asbestos from. Asbestos materials on vinyl sheet flooring. Re-glue any loose 9x9 tile. Rochester, NY. 02 - $22. $240. Mop the floor several times, get ALL the loose material up. New York State Department of Labor regulations relating to the hazards to public safety and health during the removal, encapsulation, enclosure, repair, or the disturbance of friable and non-friable asbestos, or any handling of asbestos material that may result in the release of asbestos fiber. Although, some were also 6x6. The cost per sq. 12x12 tiles that have not been tested will be treated as asbestos. Vinyl floor tiles and the backing on vinyl sheet flooring and adhesives. David Bowden. Remember the ‘Rule of 9s’ that 9×9″ are 99% of the time asbestos!”. My goal is to remove it and refinish the flooring beneath, much like has been done for the rest of the house. Removing the tile yourself involves 8–12 hours of work. Its usually the tiles under the vinyl. 2. On 2020-02-19 by Nick - Armstrong says Glazecraft Floor Tiles Don't Contain Asbestos. 0795 (volume of material) x . For example, a Virginia-based asbestos inspector says that if your floor is covered with asbestos tile, covering it with some other hard flooring can keep asbestos out of the air. $2,038. To know for sure, submit a flooring sample for laboratory analysis. But like with siding and walls, you can often encapsulate the asbestos. The absolute worst thing one can do is grind off the tiles and / or adhesive. He said he has 30+ years of experience plus the whole 9x9 tile thing in older homes is almost a guaranteed asbestos mix i guess. Asbestos floor tiles were once a popular choice for flooring, and you will often find old asbestos floor tiles hidden under carpets. . We don't have plans for a specific type of basement flooring yet which is why we were initially going to buy some Bean-E-Doo to. Using concrete to encapsulate asbestos tiles starts by having a clean, well-washed floor surface. Here is the Kentile D-225 Cerulean Blue 9x9" floor tile in the box above:. 1955 asphalt asbestos or vinyl asbestos floor tiles were sold only in 9" x 9" 1/16" or 1/8" gauge sizes, in one pattern (above) in seventeen colors. Put a box or two per week into your garbage pick-up. Force the end of a freshly sharpened 5-in-1 tool between the vinyl and subfloor. 00 – $475. . 6 Steps to a Safe Asbestos Floor Tile Removal. Modern vinyl floor tiles are 12 inch square. Nevertheless it pays to know how to identify them and asbestos floor tile removal is a serious business. I used a little bit of adhesive. f. Asbestos floor tiles came in two main varieties: vinyl tiles and asphalt tiles. 2 billion to get all 307 public school facilities in Rhode Island into “ideal” condition — including removing unabated asbestos materials — according to the 2017 Jacobs Recommendations for Consideration, a statewide, independent assessment. See if you can identify your floor tile collection name or model number; loosen a tile with a putty knife and wipe off the glue and drywall paper. Color and pattern match is not important. Asbestos offers heat and chemical resistance, in addition to fireproofing and durability. Step 3 - Preparing the Asbestos Flooring for Removal. The sizes were 9×9, 12×12, and 18×18. "Asbestos Floor Tile Removal Guide & Instructions - copy on file as Asbestos_Floor_Tile_Removal_MDH. Friable means the flooring can be crumbled with hand pressure. I have to remove approximately 180 sq. Internal and external cladding. Riegel likes to say, “9×9 is 99% of the time asbestos ! ” Asbestos is extremely common in 9×9 floor tiles. This is asbestos, i removed flooring like that today, which was tested and came Asbestos positive. You can expect to pay $30 an hour in labor costs and another $400 for an asbestos air test. Primes floors for new thin-set / self-leveling cement, epoxy, tile, glue-down systems, and more. Can You Carpet Over Asbestos Floor Tiles Best Practices. After abatement and removal of asbestos-containing materials, homeowners should contact their solid waste hauler for pickup or bring small amounts double-bagged and wetted to a landfill or transfer facility. Asbestos inspector and industrial hygienist for 4 years: All posts above are good advice. . Posted on October 25, 2021 By merry. You likely won't find them anymore as a 9x9 tile is just "known" to be an asbestos tile, and they don't make them anymore. By. Homeowners. • Tempered clear glass color works in any decor. Since they were 9x9 I had these tiles tested for asbestos and they surprisingly came back as no asbestos on the tile and 10% in the black mastic. $1. Follow the EPA sampling guide instructions and download a sample submission form. Asbestos siding removal costs average $2,300 or $15 per square foot. Blue asbestos is the least common and most expensive type to remove, and the average cost is $500 per hour. Removing vinyl asbestos tiles and nailed tack strips to your f. I would use floor leveling compound to fill the holes created by missing portions of tiles. I've recently bought a 1958 house and part of the basement is finished. Chrysotile. Asbestos garage roof removal cost. I'm having 375sqft of positive asbestos floor tile (no asbestos detected in the mastic) removed professionally and it's going to run me $2. hzcdn. The danger is in the hazardous dust that becomes airborne. Removing tile can cost anywhere from $2–$7 per square foot. Asbestos containing floor tile and the dark mastic (glue) below it, are locked in a relatively strong matrix that makes it unlikely to become airborne without disturbing it (i. Contact us today. azure devops terraform pipeline yaml example; signs a pisces man doesn't like you; Jan 27, 2022. Beneath the laminate were 9x9 tiles, which we believed had been sealed due to asbestos concerns (early 1950's house). Types of asbestos floor tiles vinyl asbestos tiles: They contain asbestos but the asbestos does not leak or ooze out magically. *Please note, the. Asbestos removal costs can be estimated at $100 per square metre for flooring, ceiling or cladding. He said he has 30+ years of experience plus the whole 9x9 tile thing in older homes is almost a guaranteed asbestos mix i guess. Fill in any gaps with floor leveling compound and spray water in the tiles you are removing to keep any dust to a minimum. 3726 posts · Joined 2020. The mastic used to adhere asbestos tile to the floor is generally higher, between 15-85% depending on make. 95 when it was consumer-installed. This liquid is then removed with a mop or preferably with a wet vacuum. So, abatement isn't necessarily cheap, but it's less expensive than you might think. For a 1960's vintage asbestos-containing floor tile photo guide, please also see 1960-1969 ARMSTRONG EXCELON FLOOR TILE GUIDE: VINYL PLASTIC ASBESTOS, 9" x 9" & beginning in 1960 available in 12" x 12" size. • Glass shelf is durable and impervious to water. Style Selections Farmhouse Chestnut 6-in x 24-in Matte Porcelain Wood Look Floor and Wall Tile (0. This explains why it was so frequently included in building materials, and especially flooring materials, prior to regulation in the 1980s. For the lab to come to your house and take the sample, you can triple the price. 95. Double bagging is recommended for added protection. Cover it. I took a. If you must remove the 9x9 asbestos-suspect flooringGenerally flooring ACM's were between 2-8% chrysotile. Asbestos floor tiles could contain up to 70% asbestos by weight. Asbestos Tile Removal. Cross post to r/legaladvice and see if they have any ideas. Bag up the debris removed, double bag it, then take it outside. The estimate includes the cost of removing asbestos from various areas, including ceilings, walls, soffits and flooring materials. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. @Becca, OK so 1950s, UK, probably asphalt-asbestos floor tiles. Contracting, Inc. We recommend encasing the asbestos floor tiles in self-leveling cement as a fail-proof method of ensuring the material will no longer be an issue in your home. Asbestos siding removal costs average $2,300 or $15 per square foot. Please keep in mind that the actual cost can vary greatly based on the factors mentioned earlier. ft/ Piece). After everything is clean then spray any surfaces that could have been exposed to the asbestos fibers with a lock down encapsulant. How can you tell? Call or Text us today at 248-962-6095 to schedule an inspection and asbestos testing. Cost to remove tile by. ) complete removal, or 2. Damage Repair Costs. For a 160-square-foot kitchen, you can expect to pay between $320–$1,120. Safe removal and disposal of a 3-layer asbestos tile floor is: £20 per m2. Most ACM floor tiles contained a blend of chrysotile and amosite asbestos fibers. Downside: You still have asbestos tile and must disclose it when selling/Upside: Virtually no cost to you. My company often has to do asbestos abatement of VA tiles during remodels of city projects, etc. Asbestos floor tiles are. As Dr. Because cutback mastic is thick, gummy, and difficult to remove, there is no practical way to get rid of it safely. $4,000 - $6,000. Screw the cap on to the top of the spray bottle and shake it to mix the detergent and water together. Cost. Below: green asphalt-asbestos floor tile combined with black asphalt-asbestos tiles, probably from the 1950s or 1960s. We recommend encasing the asbestos floor tiles in self-leveling cement as a fail-proof method of ensuring the material will no longer be an issue in your home. It’s always best to consult with a flooring pro before installing a wood floor over your asbestos tile. List of Asbestos Floor Tiles List of Asbestos Floor Tiles. Project costs include a few tools and supplies if you do it yourself. The 2nd set of tiles was under a layer of glue, those were 9x9. I may be paying $350 plus $75 for each of two to four. Once you get into the higher numbers, some contractors will lower their per-square-foot cost, a bit like bulk pricing. Last updated on November 15, 2023 Letters and guidance that detail the requirements of asbestos National Emissions Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants as. 33. This article series provides a guide to identifying asphalt-asbestos flooring (1917 - ca 1960) & vinyl asbestos floor tile (ca 1952 - 1986): identification photographs, product. Letters and guidance from the Applicability Determination Index that clarify how the Asbestos NESHAP applies to the removal of asbestos-containing floor tiles and mastic. $1. Consider encapsulating the floor—sealing, priming, and painting the flooring—for $2 to $6 per square foot instead if it is in decent shape. You’ll typically pay $8 to $13. ZIP Code Get Estimates Now Cost data is based on actual project costs as reported by 3,477 HomeAdvisor members. Porcelain floor tiles are durable and versatile. That. Done improperly, asbestos can lead to lung damage which can cause serious health consequences. What… AdvertisementAsbetic is a mixture of ground mother rock and the shortest, otherwise unusable asbestos fibers. See the information on Sampling and Testing for more information. Get an empty spray bottle and fill it with water. Asbestos tile looks like regular tiles between 9”x9” and 18”x18” in size. Ehret had developed the cancer after being exposed to asbestos in the companies’ vinyl flooring products for more than 20 years. 551. 1973 - ARMSTRONG EXCELON VINYL ASBESTOS FLOOR TILES Complete Pattern & Color Guide, 9x9 &. (helps to identify an asbestos tile too, wouldn't want people to keep making them). Hired a contractor to remove laminate flooring in basement laundry room and replace with ceramic tiles. So I was ripping out our kitchen today and there was like 4 floors stacked on top of each other and about 50+ nails for each square foot of floor. The floor under the carpet is the 9x9 vinyl tile that probably contains asbestos. Block off ventilation ducts so asbestos particles can’t get inside and circulate through the rest of the house. Manufacturers often added asbestos to vinyl, laminate and linoleum floor tiles to make them more durable and for insulation purposes. Local testing labs will test your vinyl tile for reasonable fees. com Asbestos tiles typically cost between $5 and $15 per square foot to remove, plus an additional $1,500 to $4,500 to replace. I'm looking for a rough estimate on the cost to removal asbestos 9x9 tile in Rochester, NY. Featuring taupe hues, this peel and stick floor tile has a fresh and modern style. f. Once you have your adhesive at hand. 12-inch by 12-inch or 9-inch by 9-inch vinyl or asphalt Floor Tile…. B. There is a wide price range for hiring a tile installer, from $45 to $150 per hour. $5,980-$8,700. When I pulled up the existing floating floor, I noticed that the existing underlayment (cement board) was what actually bubbled up. Crocidolite. Gas-fired fireplaces in homes built before 1990 often used artificial ashes and embers containing. I put on the best mask I could find and rented a floor scraper from Home Depot. This Chicago Asbestos Tile Removal Estimate Does. com installing tile flooring, backsplashes, and sh. Floor tiles typically cost more to remove than wall tiles. 97 per square foot*. I have to remove approximately 180 sq. Bella72. Walk through of 1950 apartment demo, identification of potential and proven asbestos items requiring professional remediation. Thoroughly rinse the floor after all existing finish is removed. For example, some smokers will smoke a pack a day and never get cancer. (The camera zooms out of the blueprint and the couple and the contractor are back in the kitchen. The only downsides of that are: 1) An asbestos abatement contractor is more likely offer removal than encapsulation. Removal damaged asbestos floor tiles as a result of flooding. Other signs your floor tiles may have asbestos in them include if your home was built before 1980, he flooring uses tiles that are 9, 12 or 18-inch squares, the tiles appear oily or stained or if there is thick black adhesive underneath where flooring tiles have come away. B. If the ceiling inside your garage contains AIB, you’ll need to pay upwards of £1,350 to remove the boards. as does Spackle and other joint covering products. esp. He died of the disease before his trial, but the jury awarded $3. Thanks for all the 9x9 asbestos floor tile info! Istockphoto. Wetting the tiles helps minimize the release of asbestos fibers into the air. Next, start lifting the asbestos vinyl tiles and with the scraper keep on separating the tile from the floor. Some info on asbestos in old flooring: in ild linoleum flooring and various others that used asbestos back in the day, the asbestos was located and used in the adhesive. I'd probably even remove it myself if it were my house, but I've done a bit of work with removing it before so I know the score. Many of them are coming loose from the waterleaks over the years, but about 80 % are tight. Asbestos tile removal runs $20-$65/sqft. Actinolite. There is limited evidence that asbestos exposure is linked to increased risks of cancers of the stomach, pharynx, and colorectum ( 8 ). Low levels of the not-instant-cancer asbestos (that'd be the blue stuff). While testing is the only surefire way to determine if asbestos. 5. Removing asbestos tile. On 2020-04-21 by Linda. That fine can be over 10K. 95-sq. While those are the most common asbestos containing floor tiles, many other tiles and floor coverings can be positive as well. Downside: You still have asbestos tile and must disclose it when selling/Upside: Virtually no cost to you. For colors for which a link is not provided below, see the earlier occurrence of that tile color in a previous year. Meanwhile, the standard asbestos abatement cost per square foot is usually around. 70 or 70% is the maximum plausible level of asbestos in a backer) = 0. Asbestos Tile Removal Cost Factors Photo: Victor zastol'skiy / Adobe Stock There are many factors influencing the average total cost for asbestos tile removal, such as: Testing See full list on bobvila. Slide it under the tiles. For accurate estimating, use our Cost Calculator for estimates customized to the location, size and options of your project. Otherwise, complete removal costs between $5 and $15 per square foot. 50 per square foot to remove asbestos from a wall or drywall. If you have asbestos insulation, expect to pay between $4 and $8 (CAD 5. But other 9x9 flooring tiles may have been produced later such as Kentiles. They typically contain anywhere from 1-7% asbestos, most commonly Chrysotile. Finally, either mail your sample (s) along with payment to the laboratory or drop. EA: 65. Risks of asbestos9×9 Vinyl Tile and Mastic. Use a utility knife or a small chisel to remove a small piece of the tile that you want to be tested. Asbestos floor tiles will not release toxic fibres and pose a health risk unless the materials are disturbed. I didn't put them down and don't know the make/model of them. On 2020-04-21 - by (mod) - 9x9 vinyl-asbestos floor tiles from the 1950s or 1960s. We have been providing asbestos removal, lead encapsulation and mold remediation for over thirty years and hold the following licenses: PA home improvement contractor. I would recommend this company who wants to deal with a reliable contractor. Due to the danger of exposure, homeowners and construction workers. However, the cost depends on your location and the amount of asbestos removal work. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. Textiles can be found in fuse boxes behind the actual fuse. The most common type is thermoplastic,. In June 2023 the cost to Remove Tile starts at $2. I need to remove some of the 9x9" asbestos tiles on the floor to do this. There are millions of homes which contain asbestos floor tiles. 40 per square foot*. Below: we show a 9" x 9" reddish brown asphalt or vinyl asbestos floor tile found in the same home. Suloor Preparation Problems Part 1 Asbestos Cutback And Moisture. Below right shows these Sears floor tiles installed. The DSS should specify what parts of your buildings use asbestos. I ripped it up to the slat floor. Asbestos tiling isn’t as commonly used today as it once was. Be aware that prices can run as high as $110. when you find those three pages in amongst the 3-400 pages. My house was built in the 50’s but. By contrast, asphaltic cutback adhesive is an older type of mastic made with asphalt-based cement. Get it tested tho, im 99. " The owner Nedo was very professional, prompt and was easy to communicate with. Yet, between the 1950s and 1980s, asbestos-containing flooring was hugely popular. Asbestos Floor Tile Precautions and Procedures 1. In 1951 a 8' x 9' room floor cost $10. Artificial ashes and embers. Put on protective clothing, gloves, and a respirator thingy, and carefully bag up the tiles, taking every precaution so that I don’t break any tiles. Here is an asbestos floor tile identification key sorted by primary flooring color: beige, black, blue, brown, tan, wood tone, gray, green, red, white, yellow, etc. How much do . Get an empty spray bottle and fill it with water. If you give the dimensions color and if possible approximate age and/or brand I can probably give you a better answer on your risk. I paid $3000 for removal of 120 linear feet of pipe wrapping in my basement. How much does professional removal cost? A fuckton. Seek guidance on removal if you need to remove it otherwise leave it undisturbed and it will be fine. 00. Share this: Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Cost to remove tile. Typical Range. 2. While in the process of removing the floor tiles, I decided to have them tested. This high asbestos content posed risks to people who manufactured, installed or renovated the tiles. Low levels of the not-instant-cancer asbestos (that'd be the blue stuff). Advertisements. By 1960 12" x 12" vinyl asbestos floor tiles were produced by Armstrong™, particularly their Excelon™ line. All equipment that was used for the tile removal should be cleaned with wet rags. Asbestos floor tiles become a problem when they are damaged or broken during removal and become fibrous. ago. When it comes to linoleum or vinyl flooring, the main problem is the masting. And, in fact, while we were preparing the surface for the new floor, the scraps of VAT were sitting in a bucket. Tore the basement carpet off (it was taped down) and had new carpet installed (with tack strips etc. I've seen a number of things regarding dealing with 9x9 Asbestos tiles, but I'm hoping to hear from people who've actually dealt with it before. Take care when you lay down the backer board to not damage the asbestos. CryptoText on screen appears to list potentially problematic building materials. Once you have removed all the tiles you might find there is tile adhesive residue stuck to the sub-floor that needs to be removed. Black mastic was frequently used by contractors and builders during the middle of the last century as an inexpensive flooring tile adhesive. $175. f. There should be letters and numbers at the center of the back of the tile that indicates which one of the ceramic tile manufacturers in the U. 98 per square foot*. Although you may save anywhere from $75 to $200 per hour in labor costs if you remove asbestos tile yourself, your final savings may actually not be that much. I want it out. Your floor will probably cost between $1,000-1,500 to have it removed. Business, Economics, and Finance. Below: we show a 9" x 9" reddish brown asphalt or vinyl asbestos floor tile found in the same home. Sanding, drilling, sawing, or ripping the tiles out can easily release the asbestos fibres and allow them to become. Glue and screw it down (as screwing it down with cement on top isn't going to risk creating airborne asbestos fibers) and tile. Jack Y. 6K subscribers in the asbestoshelp community. Wipe everything down. 11 votes, 18 comments. You can lift and safely place the vinyl in a bag that is resistant, and does not have any holes. Asbestos floor tile is considered a non friable material. If any old tiles are loose, nail them in place with 6D nails, then use a nail set to countersink the nail heads. Removing Old Stair Carpet And 600 Staples Young House Love. Much faster than removing them and you don't have to worry about removing the adhesive. That means it is safe to walk on but not safe to scrape, sand or use power tools on. Not too healthy. The specific weight of this vinyl-asbestos has values of 1. A massive fuckton. You can remove them safely, if you wish. I called Armstrong today. #2 · Nov 7, 2021. After this, the carpet tack strips must be carefully removed. In other words, don’t assume anything. The cost of removing asbestos from a typical residential property in the UK usually falls between £800 and £15,000. Tom Silva replies: The advice you received is correct: The best way to deal with old asbestos floor tiles is to cover them up. This helps to keep contact with the floor tiles to a minimum during future floor maintenance activities. The new 1955 pattern was a change from the swirl graining pattern used in 1954.